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Turning a Pile of Documents Into Structured Data

How we build document processing applications, the accuracy to expect by document type, and where humans stay.

Updated 2 min readBy SpiderHunts Technologies

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Quick answer — TL;DR

Intake, extraction with per-field confidence, validation against what you already know, and a review interface fast enough that people use it. Expect 92–97% field accuracy on standard business documents, lower on handwriting and photographs.

What the application actually does

  1. Accepts documents however they arrive — email attachment, upload, scanner, shared folder
  2. Classifies the type, because an invoice and a delivery note need different handling
  3. Extracts the fields you need, each with its own confidence figure
  4. Validates against your own data: does the supplier exist, does the total match the lines
  5. Routes: straight through, to review, or to quarantine
  6. Writes into your system with the source document attached

Accuracy by document type

DocumentField accuracyMain difficulty
Standard supplier invoice92–97%Line items spanning pages
Purchase order93–97%Non-standard product codes
Delivery note90–95%Handwritten annotations
Bank statement95%+Merchant names
Handwritten form70–90%Legibility
Photographed document80–92%Angle, lighting, shadow

Validation beats a better model

The cheapest accuracy improvement is not a stronger model. It is checking the output against data you already hold: does this supplier exist, does this purchase order number match an open order, is this date plausible?

Those rules catch errors extraction cannot detect on its own, and they make the failures intelligible, which matters for trust.

Measure straight-through rate, not field accuracy

Field accuracy is the vanity metric. What matters operationally is the proportion of documents needing no human touch at all, and time per document including review.

A system at 94% field accuracy might have a 60% straight-through rate, because one uncertain field sends the whole document to review. Improving the review design often beats improving the model.

Cost

A single document type with review interface and validation typically £10,000–£25,000. Each additional type is considerably cheaper once the pipeline exists — usually a third to a half of the first.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

The questions readers ask us after this guide.

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Do we need to train it on our documents?

No. Modern extraction works on unseen layouts, which is a significant change from a few years ago. It learns your repeat suppliers from corrections rather than from a labelled dataset.

What about documents in other languages?

Major languages extract well. Have a native speaker check a sample before relying on it, particularly where a misread number has financial consequences.

Can it handle emails with the content in the body?

Yes, and that is a common case. Mailbox handling and routing are usually a small part of the build compared with extraction and review.

How long does it take?

Eight to fourteen weeks for a production system with one document type, including shadow running.

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